现在让我们创建一个简单的例子.首先,通过"节点服务器"运行我们在"信令服务器"教程中创建的信令服务器.
页面上将有三个文本输入,一个用于登录,一个用于登录用户名,以及我们要发送给其他对等方的消息的用户名.创建 index.html 文件并添加以下代码 :
我们还添加了三个用于登录,建立连接和发送消息的按钮.现在创建一个 client.js 文件并添加以下代码 :
var connection = new WebSocket('ws://localhost:9090'); var name = "";var loginInput = document.querySelector('#loginInput'); var loginBtn = document.querySelector('#loginBtn'); var otherUsernameInput = document.querySelector('#otherUsernameInput'); var connectToOtherUsernameBtn = document.querySelector('#connectToOtherUsernameBtn'); var msgInput = document.querySelector('#msgInput'); var sendMsgBtn = document.querySelector('#sendMsgBtn'); var connectedUser, myConnection, dataChannel; //when a user clicks the login button loginBtn.addEventListener("click", function(event) { name = loginInput.value; if(name.length > 0) { send({ type: "login", name: name }); } }); //handle messages from the server connection.onmessage = function (message) { console.log("Got message", message.data); var data = JSON.parse(message.data); switch(data.type) { case "login": onLogin(data.success); break; case "offer": onOffer(data.offer, data.name); break; case "answer": onAnswer(data.answer); break; case "candidate": onCandidate(data.candidate); break; default: break; } }; //when a user logs in function onLogin(success) { if (success === false) { alert("oops...try a different username"); } else { //creating our RTCPeerConnection object var configuration = { "iceServers": [{ "url": "stun:stun.1.google.com:19302" }] }; myConnection = new webkitRTCPeerConnection(configuration, { optional: [{RtpDataChannels: true}] }); console.log("RTCPeerConnection object was created"); console.log(myConnection); //setup ice handling //when the browser finds an ice candidate we send it to another peer myConnection.onicecandidate = function (event) { if (event.candidate) { send({ type: "candidate", candidate: event.candidate }); } }; openDataChannel(); } }; connection.onopen = function () { console.log("Connected"); }; connection.onerror = function (err) { console.log("Got error", err); }; // Alias for sending messages in JSON format function send(message) { if (connectedUser) { message.name = connectedUser; } connection.send(JSON.stringify(message)); };
您可以看到我们建立了与信令服务器的套接字连接.当用户单击登录按钮时,应用程序将其用户名发送到服务器.如果登录成功,应用程序将创建 RTCPeerConnection 对象并设置 onicecandidate 处理程序,该处理程序将所有找到的icecandidates发送给另一个对等方.它还运行openDataChannel()函数,该函数创建一个dataChannel.请注意,在创建RTCPeerConnection对象时,如果您使用的是Chrome或Opera,则构造函数中的第二个参数可选:[{RtpDataChannels:true}]是必需的.下一步是为其他对等方创建要约.将以下代码添加到 client.js 文件 :
//setup a peer connection with another user connectToOtherUsernameBtn.addEventListener("click", function () { var otherUsername = otherUsernameInput.value; connectedUser = otherUsername; if (otherUsername.length > 0) { //make an offer myConnection.createOffer(function (offer) { console.log(); send({ type: "offer", offer: offer }); myConnection.setLocalDescription(offer); }, function (error) { alert("An error has occurred."); }); } }); //when somebody wants to call us function onOffer(offer, name) { connectedUser = name; myConnection.setRemoteDescription(new RTCSessionDescription(offer)); myConnection.createAnswer(function (answer) { myConnection.setLocalDescription(answer); send({ type: "answer", answer: answer }); }, function (error) { alert("oops...error"); }); }//when another user answers to our offer function onAnswer(answer) { myConnection.setRemoteDescription(new RTCSessionDescription(answer)); } //when we got ice candidate from another user function onCandidate(candidate) { myConnection.addIceCandidate(new RTCIceCandidate(candidate)); }
您可以看到,当用户点击"建立连接"按钮时,应用程序会向另一个对等方提供SDP优惠.我们还设置了 onAnswer 和 onCandidate 处理程序.最后,让我们实现创建dataChannel的 openDataChannel()函数.将以下代码添加到 client.js 文件 :
//creating data channel function openDataChannel() { var dataChannelOptions = { reliable:true }; dataChannel = myConnection.createDataChannel("myDataChannel", dataChannelOptions); dataChannel.onerror = function (error) { console.log("Error:", error); }; dataChannel.onmessage = function (event) { console.log("Got message:", event.data); }; } //when a user clicks the send message button sendMsgBtn.addEventListener("click", function (event) { console.log("send message"); var val = msgInput.value; dataChannel.send(val); });
这里我们为连接创建dataChannel,并为"发送消息"按钮添加事件处理程序.现在在两个选项卡中打开此页面,与两个用户登录,建立连接,并尝试发送消息.您应该在控制台输出中看到它们.请注意,上面的示例是在Opera中测试的.
现在您可能会看到RTCDataChannel是WebRTC API中非常强大的一部分.此对象还有很多其他用例,例如点对点游戏或基于torrent的文件共享.