在本章中,我们将学习如何将JUnit和Mockito集成在一起.在这里,我们将创建一个Math应用程序,它使用CalculatorService来执行基本的数学运算,如加法,减法,乘法和除法.
我们将使用Mockito来模拟CalculatorService的虚拟实现.此外,我们广泛使用注释来展示它们与JUnit和Mockito的兼容性.
下面将逐步讨论该过程.
步骤1 : 创建一个名为CalculatorService的接口来提供数学函数
文件:CalculatorService.java
public interface CalculatorService { public double add(double input1, double input2); public double subtract(double input1, double input2); public double multiply(double input1, double input2); public double divide(double input1, double input2);}
第2步去;创建一个JAVA类来表示MathApplication
文件:MathApplication.java
public class MathApplication { private CalculatorService calcService; public void setCalculatorService(CalculatorService calcService){ this.calcService = calcService; } public double add(double input1, double input2){ return calcService.add(input1, input2); } public double subtract(double input1, double input2){ return calcService.subtract(input1, input2); } public double multiply(double input1, double input2){ return calcService.multiply(input1, input2); } public double divide(double input1, double input2){ return calcService.divide(input1, input2); }}
第3步和第3步;测试MathApplication类
让我们通过在其中注入一个模拟的calculatorService来测试MathApplication类. Mock将由Mockito创建.
文件:MathApplicationTester.java
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;import org.junit.Assert;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.mockito.InjectMocks;import org.mockito.Mock;import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;// @RunWith attaches a runner with the test class to initialize the test data@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)public class MathApplicationTester { //@InjectMocks annotation is used to create and inject the mock object @InjectMocks MathApplication mathApplication = new MathApplication(); //@Mock annotation is used to create the mock object to be injected @Mock CalculatorService calcService; @Test public void testAdd(){ //add the behavior of calc service to add two numbers when(calcService.add(10.0,20.0)).thenReturn(30.00); //test the add functionality Assert.assertEquals(mathApplication.add(10.0, 20.0),30.0,0); }}
第4步去;创建一个要执行以测试用例的类
在 C>中创建一个名为TestRunner的java类文件. Mockito_WORKSPACE 执行测试用例.
文件:TestRunner.java
import org.junit.runner.JUnitCore;import org.junit.runner.Result;import org.junit.runner.notification.Failure;public class TestRunner { public static void main(String[] args) { Result result = JUnitCore.runClasses(MathApplicationTester.class); for (Failure failure : result.getFailures()) { System.out.println(failure.toString()); } System.out.println(result.wasSuccessful()); }}
第5步去;验证结果
使用 javac 编译器编译类,如下所示 :
C:\Mockito_WORKSPACE> javac CalculatorService.java MathApplication. java MathApplicationTester.java TestRunner.java
现在运行Test Runner查看结果 :
C:\Mockito_WORKSPACE> java TestRunner
验证输出.
true
要了解有关JUnit的更多信息,请参阅Tutorials Point的JUnit Tutorial.