当我们想要使用JNDI查找定位各种服务时,使用服务定位器设计模式.考虑到为服务查找JNDI的高成本,Service Locator模式使用缓存技术.第一次需要服务时,Service Locator在JNDI中查找并缓存服务对象.通过Service Locator进行进一步查找或相同的服务在其缓存中完成,这在很大程度上提高了应用程序的性能.以下是此类设计模式的实体.
服务 - 实际服务将是处理请求.在JNDI服务器中查看此类服务的引用.
上下文/初始上下文 - JNDI上下文包含对服务的引用用于查找目的.
服务定位器 - 服务定位器是通过JNDI查找缓存服务来获取服务的单点联系人.
缓存 - 用于存储服务引用的缓存以重用它们
客户端 - 客户端是通过ServiceLocator调用服务的对象.
实现
我们将创建一个 ServiceLocator , InitialContext ,缓存,服务作为代表我们实体的各种对象. Service1 和 Service2 代表具体服务.
ServiceLocatorPatternDemo ,我们的demo类,在这里充当客户端,并将使用 ServiceLocator 来演示服务定位器设计模式.
步骤1
创建服务接口.
Service.java
public interface Service { public String getName(); public void execute(); }
步骤2
创建具体服务.
Service1.java
public class Service1 implements Service { public void execute(){ System.out.println("Executing Service1"); } @Override public String getName() { return "Service1"; } }
Service2.java
public class Service2 implements Service { public void execute(){ System.out.println("Executing Service2"); } @Override public String getName() { return "Service2"; }}
步骤3
为JNDI查找创建InitialContext
InitialContext.java
public class InitialContext { public Object lookup(String jndiName){ if(jndiName.equalsIgnoreCase("SERVICE1")){ System.out.println("Looking up and creating a new Service1 object"); return new Service1(); } else if (jndiName.equalsIgnoreCase("SERVICE2")){ System.out.println("Looking up and creating a new Service2 object"); return new Service2(); } return null; }}
第4步
创建缓存
Cache.java
import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;public class Cache { private Listservices; public Cache(){ services = new ArrayList (); } public Service getService(String serviceName){ for (Service service : services) { if(service.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(serviceName)){ System.out.println("Returning cached " + serviceName + " object"); return service; } } return null; } public void addService(Service newService){ boolean exists = false; for (Service service : services) { if(service.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(newService.getName())){ exists = true; } } if(!exists){ services.add(newService); } } }
步骤5
创建服务定位器
ServiceLocator.java
public class ServiceLocator { private static Cache cache; static { cache = new Cache(); } public static Service getService(String jndiName){ Service service = cache.getService(jndiName); if(service != null){ return service; } InitialContext context = new InitialContext(); Service service1 = (Service)context.lookup(jndiName); cache.addService(service1); return service1; } }
步骤6
使用 ServiceLocator 演示服务定位器设计模式.
ServiceLocatorPatternDemo.java
public class ServiceLocatorPatternDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { Service service = ServiceLocator.getService("Service1"); service.execute(); service = ServiceLocator.getService("Service2"); service.execute(); service = ServiceLocator.getService("Service1"); service.execute(); service = ServiceLocator.getService("Service2"); service.execute(); } }
第7步
验证输出.
Looking up and creating a new Service1 objectExecuting Service1Looking up and creating a new Service2 objectExecuting Service2Returning cached Service1 objectExecuting Service1Returning cached Service2 objectExecuting Service2